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Medical Science Optional daily answer writing practice for CSE 2023 – Nov 15

Topic: Immunization, Baby friendly hospital initiative

Question: Write shortly on the vaccines given to a baby on the first day of life in India.

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Vaccines given to a newborn baby on the first day of life in India:

1. BCG vaccine:

– Live attenuated vaccine against tuberculosis.

– 0.1 ml is injected intradermally on the left deltoid region.

– Causes a local lesion which heals over time, leaving a scar.

2. OPV vaccine:

– Oral polio vaccine containing attenuated strains of poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3.

– 2 drops are put in the mouth.

– Provides protection against polio.

3. Hepatitis B vaccine:

– First dose of hepatitis B recombinant DNA vaccine is given within 24 hours of birth.

– 0.5 ml is injected intramuscularly in the anterolateral side of mid-thigh.

– Provides protection against hepatitis B infection.

The BCG and polio vaccine are given simultaneously while the birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine is critical within 1 day of birth to prevent perinatal transmission from an infected mother.

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