Topic: Applied anatomy of diaphragm, perineum and inguinal region
Question: Write a short note on the anatomy of Ischiorectal fossa and its clinical importance.
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- The ischiorectal fossa is a fat-filled space located on either side of the anal canal, below the levator ani muscle and above the perineal body.
- It is bounded by the obturator internus muscle and fascia laterally, the gluteus maximus muscle and sacrotuberous ligament posteriorly, and the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm and perineal body anteriorly.
- The fossa contains the inferior rectal artery and vein, the pudendal nerve, the anal canal, and the ischiorectal fat.
- The ischiorectal fat provides cushioning and support to the rectum and anal canal, allowing for proper defecation and preventing injury to the surrounding structures.
- The ischiorectal fossa is a common site for abscesses and fistulas to develop, which can occur due to infection or inflammation of the anal glands or crypts.
- Infections in the ischiorectal fossa can spread to other areas of the body, such as the pelvis or thigh, and can cause serious complications if left untreated.
- Imaging modalities such as CT or MRI scans can be used to visualize the ischiorectal fossa and identify any abnormalities or pathologies.
- Surgical procedures, such as incision and drainage or fistulotomy, may be necessary to treat infections or other conditions affecting the ischiorectal fossa.
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